EVOLUTION FROM FIRST BILATERAL HOMO CANDIDATE TO FISH TO MAMMALIAN TETRAPODS WHICH WE ARE 2022-09-26. JORMA ANTERO JYRKKANEN

Be it known by all and Sundry Humans are a Tetrapod Modified for Bipedal Locomotion but We have Genes in Common with Myriad Creatures both Extant and Extinct.

RUDIMENTARY TYPE LOCOMOTION APPEAR IN FINS OF LOBE FINNED FISH FIRST BY CONTROLLED INDEPENDENT FIN MOVEMENTS 385 MYA EX EUSTHENOPTERON PELVIC AND PECTORAL FINS SUPPORTED BY INTERNAL BONES START ABOUT 400 MYA. Eusthenopteron's notoriety comes from the pattern of its fin endoskeleton, which bears a distinct humerus, ulna, and radius (in the fore-fin) and femur, tibia, and fibula (in the pelvic fin).

TIIKTALIK AN ADVENTUROUS FISH (SCALES) EXPLORING SHORES (SHUBIN TEAM) DEMONSTRATES ONE BONE (HUMEROUS) TWO BONES (RADIUS ULNA) LITTLE BONES (CARPALS/RUDIMENTARY DIGITS) TYPICAL OF LATER TETRAPODS IN FRONTAL FINS 375 MYA

Ostiolepiforms on the Tetrapod Ancestral Selection Podium

Ancestral characters for clade Elpistostegalia+Tetrapoda.These precise morphologies, illustrated by Eusthenopteron (modified from ref. 16), characterize the tetrapod stem lineage between the Osteolepis+Gogonasus node and the Tristichopteridae node. a, Braincase (known in many genera, including Osteolepis, Gogonasus, Ectosteorachis and Medoevia). b, Dermal skull bones (known in most genera). La, lacrimal; Ju, jugal; Po, postorbital; Sq, squamosal; Qj, quadratojugal; Pop, preopercurlar; De, dentary; Mx, maxilla. c, Pectoral girdle and fin, mesial view (pectoral fin skeleton known in Megalichthys, Sterropterygion and tristichopterids; girdle known in many genera). Cla, clavicle; clei, cleithrum; Sca, scapulocoracoid. d, Posterior dorsal fin support (known in Megalichthys, Rhizodopsis and tristichopterids). (Redrawn by permission of the Royal Society of Edinburgh from ref. 14.) BY DEDUCTION It would appear we did ot originate from Lobe Finned Fish per se according to this phylogenetic study but perhaps a cousin. The use of the name Sarcopterygii to describe both lobe-finned fishes and terrestrial vertebrates is also unjustified, asthe jawed fishes and the amniotes form separate branches in the gnathostome tree (Rasmussen et al. 1998). However, this does not imply that tetrapods do not have piscine ancestors.On the contrary, it is probable that extinct piscine taxa (such as Elpistostegalians, ‘Osteolepiforms’ and Rhizodontiforms)constitute the forerunners of the tetrapods, with the two groups forming the Tetrapodomorpha (see Janvier 1996; fig. 5.3,branch 5). This interpretation is consistent with Jarvik’s(1980) theory that the ‘osteolepiform’ Eusthenopteron was anatomically close to the hypothetical ancestral gnathostome (© The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters • Zoologica Scripta, 30, 4, October 2001, pp249–255 249 Arnason, U., Gullberg, A. & Janke, A. (2001). Molecular phylogenetics of gnathostomous( jawed) fishes: old bones, new cartilage. — Zoologica Scripta, 30, 249 –255.U LFUR A RNASON, A NETTE G ULLBERG & A XEL J ANK.

PEDERPES HAS LAND WALKING PADDLE LIKE PAWS FRONT AND BACK BUT STILL WITH LATERAL LINE OF FISH AND LARGE STAPES UNLIKE MODERN TETRAPODS SHOWING ADAPTATION FOR CONDUCTING SOUND VIBRATIONS TO TYMPANUM OR EARDRUM. ROMERS GAP ABOUT 350 MYA. Ichthyostega may have been the first vertebrate to walk on four legs on land because it had ribs to support the legs and body weight against the pull of gravity.

CYODONTS GIVE RISE TO MAMMALIAFORMS ABOUT 225 MYA EX SHREWLIKE MORGANUCODON AND MONOTREMES EX PLATYPUS

THE PROGRESSION FROM AMNIOTA (WITH WATERPROOF EGGS) WAS SYNAPSIDA (LOW OPENING IN SKULL BEHIND THE EYE)--EUPELYCOSAURIA(DETAILED SKU9LL BONE FEATURES)--THERAPSIDA--CYNODONTIA(DOG TOOTH)--THRINAXODONTIDAE--THRINAXODON(BONY SECONDARY PALATE)--MAMMALIA FIRST MAMMALS INCLUDE HADROCODIUM (BRAIN AND INNER EAR) 195 MYA THEN SINONCONODON 193 MYA MOST BASAL MAMMAL. EXTANT MAMMALS SEPARATED 170 MYA MONOTREMES, MARSUPIALS AND PLACENTALS SUGGESTED BY MITOCHONDRIAL STUDIES After Chicxulub took out the dinosaurs this little insectiore rose out of the ashes and gave rise to all placental mammals on earth today. We were this little insectivore once. Our inner fish had to move over and make room for genome adjustments. Appears somewhat reminiscent of earlier Morganucodon

ReferenceSuggestions. Romers Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates and Neil Shubins Your Inner Fish. Who was our original ancestor, the very first animal on our line that had bilateral symmetry, a segmented body and a functioning nervous system? Apparently Ikaria wariootia is a prime candidate but this conflicts with the Ascidian tadpole theory of Garstang which was thought to be a neotenous sea squirt larvae become a free swimming chordate. Is Ikaria descended from the Ascidian larva of Sea Squirts ancient cousins or did that larva go on to directly evolve into a chordate fish or did Ikaria evolve into a free swimming protochordate creature like Pikea and onwards to a fish and then us? Which case is true. They seem mutually exclusive in our story. I guess if we could find a notochord in Ikaria it would give us a clue? This is the fundamental question for our origins from invertebrate to chordate to vertebrate. A worm with a notochord would leave a different trail than one without and this could be discovered by modelling experiments. Then compare them to the original tracks of Ikaria in the sediment. I suspect archaea and later choanoflagellates are involved in the earlier story of our origins. Ecce Proto Homo To We on Not to We that is The Question.

THIS ORIENTAL CLUB HAS GONE BACK TO THE TETRAPODS LOCOMOTION TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE FITNESS ASSOCIATED WITH WEIGHT BEARING ON THE ANTERIOR LIMBS

From tetrapod to bipedal primate is an intresting story itself and there is much study produced on that and the reader is encouraged to search the literature. SEE ALSO MY RELATED POSTS USING KEYWORD THEORY